W10.1-Introduction to Sociology/Deviance

 1) Summarize 

Deviance is any behavior that violates cultural norms. Sociological interest in deviance involves measuring formal deviance. Psychological and biological explanations. Social-Strain Typology, Structural-Functionalism, Conflict Theory, Labeling Theory. Crime statistics are usually data collected by governments to report incidents of criminal activity. Social control refers to the various means a society uses to bring its members back into conformity with cultural norms. There are two general types of social control:

Formal social control refers to the components of society designed to resocialize individuals who violate formal rules; Examples include prisons and mental health facilities.

Informal social control refers to social elements aimed at strengthening informal cultural norms; Examples might include parents reminding their children not to pick their noses.

2) Interesting point

One of the things I think is interesting is that traditionally, people think of crime as a result of negative neighborhood characteristics (e.g., low income, high residential turnover, etc.). However, there is some evidence that crime and the negative characteristics thought to contribute to high crime rates go hand in hand. The study found that higher crime rates actually lead to more concentrated poverty, a decline in retail business, and more residential turnover. This finding suggests that it is crime that drives businesses and residents with more money to safer areas and then concentrates poverty and crime in that area.

3) Discussion point

  • How do you reduce crime in high-crime neighborhoods?

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