Religion is not the reason of Gender Stratification

 


When people talk about gender stratification by looking this kinds of map. Many people start to talk about how Islam is oppressive to woman. Maybe they are right Islam's certain gender role can be criticized for "gender discrimination". But when you see this map you can see very interesting thing. The Muslims countries like Albania, Bosnia, kazahstan and so on have the higher equality than some Muslim countries or even some Christian majority countries.

The reason that this is happening is because the communism in 20th century which follows the egalitarianism regardless of gender and state atheism, ideology that state should promote atheism made the Muslims in that countries secular than the other Muslims and even some countries' Christians.

I recently watched interviews of Nexhmije Hoxha. The wife of communist ruler of the albania. She told how women were oppressed before the communism. 

"I was allowed to not wear a veil and to continue my studies, many of my friends weren’t." https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vqJOoB4Pv5o

As enver hoxha said "The entire party and country should hurl into the fire and break the neck of anyone who dared trample underfoot the sacred edict of the party on the defense of women's rights." The communism in albania although we consider it's brutal political oppression it brought liberation to women of albania. In 1945, only 15% of women in Albania were literate. In 1990, the literacy rate for women in Albania was 98%. In 1945, only 20% of women were employed, but by 1989, this number had risen to 47%. In 1978, 15.1 times as many females attended eight-year schools as had done so in 1938 and 175.7 times as many females attended secondary schools. And in the communist political committee almost 50% of it was filled with women. 

Similar things happened in Bosnia and many other communist countries with many Muslim population. 

"It’s hard today to comprehend the magnitude of the leap into a better life that someone like my mother made in Tito’s Yugoslavia. Back in 1946, in the wake of a cataclysm, the new regime instituted gender equality and mandatory and free education, so a peasant Bosnian girl, born in a house with a dirt floor, could go to school. Had she been born a generation before, she wouldn’t have gone to school. She would’ve worked the land with her parents until she got married, whereupon she would’ve popped out children into her middle age, unless she died giving birth or from sepsis after a homemade abortion, like one of Mama’s father’s sisters. Mama’s future was entangled with Yugoslavia’s, enabling her to leave behind the poverty that had lasted for centuries. Yugoslavia provided a framework into which my mother fully grew, having departed, at the age of eleven, from her more or less nineteenth-century childhood. She built the country as she was building herself." My Mother and the Failed Experiment of Yugoslavia - new yorker. 

So islam is not the main factor I think the main factor is the other socioeconomical reason like government policies of women.

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