w.9.1 Government _ KIMNAKYOUNG 김나경

 1.summary


Government is a system or group of people governing an organized community, with legislature, executive, and judiciary branches. It enforces and determines policy, often with a constitution defining governing principles. Various political systems have existed, such as democracies, monarchies, and authoritarian regimes, with the philosophy of government defined by how political power is obtained.


The classification of political systems is important in political science, particularly in the fields of comparative politics and international relations. However, identifying a form of government is difficult because many political systems originate as socio-economic movements and are then carried into governments by parties naming themselves after those movements. Other complications include non-consensus and deliberate distortion or bias of reasonable technical definitions to political ideologies and associated forms of governing, due to the nature of politics in the modern era.


Autocracy is a form of government where a single person holds supreme power without any external legal restraints or mechanisms of popular control, and can take the form of an absolute monarchy, tyranny, despotism, or dictatorship.


Aristocracy is a form of government where a small, elite ruling class such as hereditary nobility or a privileged caste has power, exercising minority rule as a landed timocracy, wealthy plutocracy, or oligarchy, and many monarchies were aristocracies.


Democracy is a system of government where citizens exercise power by voting and deliberation, and it can be either direct or indirect.


A republic is a form of government where the country is considered a "public matter" and the people have supreme control over the government, with offices of state being elected or chosen by elected people, and the head of state is not a monarch.


Federalism is a political concept where sovereignty is constitutionally divided between a central governing authority and constituent political units, which creates a system of government in which power is shared between national and provincial/state governments.


Governments are divided into distinct institutions, each with specific powers and functions, and are organized into branches of government. The typical trias politica model consists of a legislature, an executive, and a judiciary, although in some systems, such as parliamentary or semi-presidential, branches may intersect with shared membership and overlapping functions, and additional branches may exist.


2.interesting point&discussion


One interesting topic to discuss in relation to the above is the balance of power between the different branches of government. In some countries, such as the United States, there is a system of checks and balances that ensures no one branch of government becomes too powerful. This can lead to political gridlock, but it also serves as a safeguard against authoritarianism. In other countries, such as China, there is a much stronger centralization of power in the executive branch. What are the advantages and disadvantages of each approach? And what form of government do you think is ideal? Or to be ideal government how we have to change?

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