W5. 2 Introduction to Sociology/Religion

1) Summarize 


Sociologists study religion in the same way they study other social institutions, such as education or government. The main aim is to understand religion, but while trying to understand religion, it is also trying to predict what religion will eventually do (or what religion will become).


Three general definitions have been proposed for the study of religion. 


Sacred vs. Profane

Perhaps the most widely known definition of religion is the one proposed by Emile Durkheim.  According to Durkheim, the definition of religion depends on the distinction between sacred things (which have nothing to do with everyday life) and secular things (which are everyday things in society). What constitutes religion are the sacred elements of social life.


Religion as existence is doubtful

Another definition of religion used by social scientists (especially social psychologists) sees religion as any attempt to answer existential questions (e.g., "Is there life after death?" ) This definition looks at religion from a functional perspective, as it is seen as serving a specific purpose in society


The Greek god Zeus.

Religion as Supernature[edit | edit source]

The third social scientific definition views religion as the collective beliefs and rituals of a group relating to supernature.[5] This view of religion draws a sometimes ambiguous line between beliefs and rituals relating to empirical, definable phenomena and those relating to undefinable or unobservable phenomena, such as spirits, god(s), and angels.




2) Interesting point


One of the things that I'm interested in is that religions have conflicts in society. Some people think that religion is a kind of social cohesion, that religion helps maintain social unity through common rituals and beliefs, but there is also criticism of the function of religious structure, which ignores the dysfunction of religion. For example, religion can be used to justify terrorism and violence. In addition, Marx believed that religion was actually the tool of the bourgeoisie to keep the proletariat satisfied. Religions can do this by promising rewards in the afterlife rather than in the afterlife. Marx said, "Religion is the sigh of the oppressed, the feeling of the heartless world, the soul of the soulless environment. This is the opium of the people. The abolition of religion as the illusory happiness of men is a requirement for their true happiness."


3) Discussion point

What do you think about religion?

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